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Asante chiefs in kente at the Akwasidae festival in Kumasi
Home / Destinations / Ghanaian culture

Ghanaian culture

Kingdoms, castles, festivals, food and music: the traditions and heritage that make Ghana feel like home.

A living cultural tapestry

Ghana's culture fuses ancient traditions with modern energy, expressed through its symbols, festivals, crafts and the warmth of its people.

Cannons on the sea wall of Cape Coast Castle

UNESCO World Heritage Sites

Ghana's coastline is dotted with historic forts and castles, monuments to the long encounter between Africa and Europe and the haunting legacy of the transatlantic slave trade.

  • Cape Coast Castle: museum of the slave trade
  • Elmina Castle: the oldest European building in sub-Saharan Africa
  • A chain of coastal forts: spanning five centuries
Our UNESCO heritage guide
Asante chiefs in kente at the Akwasidae festival in Kumasi

The Ashanti Kingdom

The Ashanti (Asante) Empire, centred on Kumasi, rose in the late 17th century, united under the sacred Golden Stool, believed to hold the soul of the nation. Its legacy lives on in gold work and kente.

  • Manhyia Palace Museum: royal residence and cultural centre
  • Kente weaving villages: the cloth of kings
  • Adinkra symbols: a visual philosophy
The Ashanti Region
Larabanga Mosque in the Savannah Region

Northern traditions

The north has its own rhythm of life and distinct Sahelian cultures. Here chiefs are enskinned rather than enstooled, and many societies keep centuries-old patrilineal customs.

  • Larabanga Mosque: one of West Africa's oldest, said to date from 1421
  • Paga Crocodile Pond: sacred crocodiles living alongside people
  • Bolgatanga: basket weaving, pottery and craft markets
The Upper East Region
Chiefs under state umbrellas at the Oguaa Fetu Afahye in Cape Coast

Vibrant festivals

All year round, festivals celebrate harvests, migrations and ancestors. From solemn purification rites to exuberant street parties, they are the lifeblood of community identity.

  • Homowo: the Ga festival of "hooting at hunger"
  • Chale Wote: street art and music in Jamestown
  • Aboakyer: the Effutu deer-hunting festival
Festival calendar
A bowl of fufu with soup

Culinary heritage

Hearty staples like plantain, cassava and yam, paired with rich, spicy soups and stews. Food is communal, and sharing it is part of Ghana's legendary hospitality.

  • Jollof rice: the spicy, much-debated champion of West African rice
  • Fufu and light soup: the classic Sunday family meal
  • Waakye and kelewele: iconic street food
Culture & cuisine guide
A concert at the Bukom Boxing Arena in Accra

Music & rhythm

Ghana's sound has shaped music worldwide, from the polyrhythms of traditional drumming to the breezy guitars of Highlife and today's Afrobeats.

  • Highlife: early 20th-century fusion of local rhythms with jazz and brass
  • Fontomfrom and Kpanlogo: traditional drumming styles
  • Hiplife and Afrobeats: the modern sound of Ghana's youth
Ghana music guide

Visual philosophy

Adinkra symbols

Ghana's visual philosophy: symbols carrying wisdom and proverbs, found on cloth, pottery, buildings and in daily life. Try printing them yourself in Ntonso, near Kumasi.

Gye Nyame

"Except God"

Expresses the supremacy of God. The most popular Adinkra symbol, it says that no one is above the supreme being.

Sankofa

"Return and get it"

The wisdom of learning from the past to build the future: it is no taboo to go back for what you forgot.

Dwennimmen

"Ram's horns"

Strength combined with humility. The ram fights fiercely against an adversary, yet submits humbly.

Mate Masie

"What I hear, I keep"

Wisdom, knowledge and prudence, and the importance of listening and understanding.

Akofena

"Sword of war"

Courage, valour and heroism. The crossed swords stand for state authority and the gallantry of the people.

Funtunfunefu

"Siamese crocodiles"

Democracy and unity. The crocodiles share one stomach yet fight over food: infighting harms everyone.

Experience it first-hand

Festivals, palaces, craft villages and music: tell us what fascinates you and we'll build it into your trip.

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Heritage routes: 3-day Cape Coast & Elmina trip

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